How does a breathable fabric work? The water molecule is larger than the sweat molecule (vapor). A breathable fabric will let the sweat through and block the water with a sufficiently fine weft. This weave is created either by coating or by a membrane.
Coating, less breathable but less expensive
The coating is a kind of paint that is applied inside the fabric. It has the advantage of not being too expensive, but remains fragile. It does not support folds and requires a lining to protect it from wear. The clothes in coating are thus less expensive, but especially less resistant in the long run. They are reserved for an occasional use, for a person who practices only once a year for example.
The membrane, the absolute weapon
The membrane is a very thin, almost invisible layer glued to the inside of the garment. It is often branded with Gore-Tex being the best known. More solid, more waterproof, it is also more breathable. Unfortunately, it is also more expensive than the coating. It can be found in oilskins, but also in other clothing such as boots or gloves.
